A system-design perspective on ultra-low-latency order matching, price-time priority, partitioning, market data, and correctness An exchange matching engine sits at one of the most unforgiving boundaries in financial technology. It receives orders from market participants, validates them, places them into…
A user asks: “Review this supplier invoice, verify that everything looks correct, and prepare it for payment.” From the user’s perspective, this is one request. But imagine the system decides to use several AI agents: At first glance, this looks…
A user asks an AI agent: “Pay this invoice, update the records, and let the supplier know when it’s done.” It sounds like one business operation. From the user’s perspective, it is one request. From the system’s perspective, it may…
A customer asks: “How much can I safely spend today?” An LLM can understand the question. It can explain the customer’s account. It can summarize recent transactions. It can even reason about what information might be relevant. But there is…
For years, we learned to think about distributed systems in a particular way. A request enters a service. The service calls another service. That service may call a database, a message broker, a payment provider, or another internal system. Somewhere…
For a long time, one region was enough. The application ran there. The database ran there. The message infrastructure ran there. Backups existed. Monitoring was in place. We had redundancy inside the region. From an infrastructure perspective, the system looked…
